A Comparison of the Segmentation, Targeting, and Positioning Strategies of Nivea Beiersdorf in the UK and Thailand Essay Example

A Comparison of the Segmentation, Targeting, and Positioning Strategies of Nivea Beiersdorf in the UK and Thailand Essay Example A Comparison of the Segmentation, Targeting, and Positioning Strategies of Nivea Beiersdorf in the UK and Thailand Paper A Comparison of the Segmentation, Targeting, and Positioning Strategies of Nivea Beiersdorf in the UK and Thailand Paper Aside from the working methodology being finished by the Nivea Beiersdorf joint, the requirement for a proficient examination of the showcasing plans utilized the worldwide firm is significant for the achievement of its activities in the United Kingdom and Thailand. The two nations show an alternate arrangement of societies, just as a shifting cluster of socioeconomics which incredibly influences the STP procedures being utilized by any organization who wishes to effectively infiltrate the two markets (Kotler, 2003). Nivea Beiersdorf has its a dependable balance in Europe and entering the British Market would not be that difficult given that the beautifying agents and way of life organization has been there for around sixty years. By and by, the organization nearness in Thailand, given its entirely unexpected socioeconomics than that of the UK, just as its profoundly serious beauty care products market would act like a test in the situating procedure of Nivea Beiersdorf (2007). The STP systems to be used for the two nations ought to be examined with most extreme contemplations. These contemplations will thusly fall under three fundamental parts: the concentrated, undifferentiated, and the separated systems (Kotler, 2003). Concentrated Strategies Under this kind of promoting system, the organization, Nivea Beiersdorf needs to think its assets inside explicit market fragments of the UK and Thailand (2006c). In view of this, the firm needs to figure out which section of the two distinct markets have the better need of market infiltration techniques. In spite of the fact that Thailand has a grater need of promoting infiltration systems since Nivea’s nearness there is later and the market development is increasingly serious when contrasted with that of the British market, the concentrated technique can be all the more proficiently is utilized in the British market since the organization has been there for very long. Under this kind of promoting procedure, rivalry is at present perceived and little to medium-sized firms which offer a similar advertising blend like Marks and Spencer have the ability to rival the organization given that Nivea Beiersdorf was at that point ready to situate itself over the beauty care products showcase as a debut beautifiers organization. Then again, the concentrated focusing on procedure being utilized by Nivea Beiersdorf in the UK is more on the upkeep and improvement of the piece of the overall industry in the nation just as adapting up to the market development factors that are included (Kotler, 2003). Undifferentiated Strategies Alongside the current concentrated methodologies utilized by Nivea Beiesdorf in the UK and Thailand, under the undifferentiated procedure, the organization situating isn't tremendously removed earnestly in the UK from the effectively settled notoriety and is progressively worried on the investment funds that the organization could accomplish. Be that as it may, this objective promoting system can be best utilized in the Thai market out of the elevated level of patriotism of local people towards their neighborhood items. Utilizing this particular technique, Nivea needs to situate itself as a nearby brand yet of remote beginning. That is, Nivea should set up itself as an item that isn't vastly different from the nearby ones. This particular technique is at present being utilized by the organization to date with a nearby manufacturing plant just as neighborhood workers being utilized. Along these lines, energy about the results of the organization is improved and investment funds on adv ertising can be utilized for different purposes. In spite of the fact that, this kind of technique is increasingly vulnerable to rivalry, the perfect measure of organization watchfulness of the Thai socioeconomics must be painstakingly checked (Kotler, 2003). Separated Strategies Under this sort, the organization is delivering a few kinds of items that would explicitly take into account the necessities of the distinctive market fragments present in the two nations. A particular case of this is the scope of items offered by Nivea beside the standard white cream up to sun tan moisturizers, body showers, and so forth. The focusing on methodologies being utilized here is an item dependent on the careful investigation of the segment factors that are available in the UK and Thailand. For instance, the British market is made out of a high grown-up advertise portion with a high discretionary cashflow (2006b). The scope of items to be produced for them suits the attributes of this specific area. On the Thai market then again, there are a ton of the housewife fragment with an average estimated salary who is fixated on having white skin, subsequently, an alternate arrangement of item contributions should be made for them (2006a). Organization situating in this way can b e directed by the item contributions that will be used by the organization.

Good Country People by Flannery O'Conner Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Great Country People by Flannery O'Conner - Essay Example The story starts with Mrs Hopewell's investigation of Mrs Freeman's restricted outward appearances, however in that she uncovers likewise the constraints of her own reasoning. Her contemplations of the Freemans are bound with some contempt, yet she humors them since they are acceptable nation individuals and of utilization to her. Mrs Hopewell's little girl Hulga, who had lost her leg in a shooting mishap, is straightforwardly inconsiderate to Mrs Freeman, yet the great countrywoman was never disturbed even by an immediate assault, a constructive scoff, unmitigated offensiveness to her face. The creator, be that as it may, doesn't endeavor to introduce any ruddy image of nation individuals. Mrs Freeman is appeared to stick her sharp nose into everything, with a unique affection for the subtleties of mystery diseases, shrouded deformations, ambushes upon youngsters. Her kids, Glynese and Carramae, whom Hulga covertly alludes to as Glycerin and Caramel, have all the most noticeably awf ul characteristics of the young ladies of their age in the town, however the story isn't principally about the Freemans. The story line follows the string of one specific 'great' nation man's demeanor to these city people. The incongruity of his perspective is uncovered in full just at the finish of the story.

When a Book Changes Your Life

When a Book Changes Your Life Over the last couple months, I’ve had a reading experience that is completely new to me: I finished a book and immediately started it over. When I finished it the second time, I immediately started it over a again. A few nights ago I closed the back cover for a third time and thought it was time to start making sense of what I’m doing with this book, and why. I’ve never read a book twice in a row, much less three times (and I won’t lie, a fourth read is looking mighty appealing). The book, because it matters very much here, is Terry Tempest Williams’ When Women Were Birds: Fifty-Four Variations on Voice. Written the year that Williams was 54, the age her mother was when she died and left Williams her life’s journals (three shelves of them, and every last one was blank), it is essentially a collection of essays and vignettes. There are pieces about womanhood and family, marriage and community, friendship and motherhood and sex and nature and writing. It’s a book about what it is to have a voice, and how the ways we use and withhold our voice shape our lives and the world we live in. And somehow, for me, it has become about much more than that. In Williams’ words, I’ve found expression of my deepest questions, greatest fears, and most intimate thoughts. There’s this: “Solitude is a memory of water. I live in the desert. And every day I am thirsty.” And this. I know you will understand this: “From an early age I have experienced each encounter in my life twice: once in the world, and once again on the page.” The difference between perfectionism and striving for excellence has been an important lesson in the last few years of my life. I could spin my wheels writing pages about it, but why would I, when Williams has given me this? “Who wants to be a goddess when we can be human? Perfection is a flaw disguised as control.” This is meditation. It is poetry. It is an invitation. “Democracy demands we speak and act outrageously. We can change the world if our view is long and focused with friends drawn lovingly around the place we call home.” It is a revelation and a reflection. “How do you contain within a domestic arrangement a howling respect for the wild in each other?” This is a beautiful, powerful, important book, and it’s one I’ve been recommending widely, but I don’t expect it to do to everyone else what it is doing to me. Nothing I’ve ever read has done this to me. Is this what religious people feel when they pray, I wonder? Is this reading-as-spiritual-practice? Perhaps, though I don’t consider myself spiritual, really. A friend suggested the word transcendent, and that feels closer to right, but not entirely. I don’t feel that I am connecting with something higher, something more-than-me, so much as I feel like I amthis book iscalling forth something that is profoundly interior, something that is wholly of me. Just writing about the experience makes me feel naked. I read for many reasons, not the least of which is to learn and be challenged, and in my life as a reader I’ve encountered many books that fit the bill. But none has ever held up a mirror for me in quite this way. Williams’ words didn’t just articulate things I’ve been thinking and talking about in my personal life; they changed the way I conceptualized those conversations and how I participated in them. I spoke different words than I would have had I not read this book, and subsequently, some of the closest relationships in my life have taken new shapes. Isn’t it remarkable that a book can do that? Terry Tempest Williams and I are not from the same place. We are not of the same generation. We have different interests and different passions and very different religious backgrounds. We don’t know each other, not even a little bit, and yet she has written something that has revealed me and affirmed me and changed me. In sharing her voice, she has summoned mine. Sign up for our newsletter to have the best of Book Riot delivered straight to your inbox every two weeks. No spam. We promise. ____________________ Like chattin up other readers and keeping track of your books on Goodreads? So do we! Come give us a follow. Sign up for True Story to receive nonfiction news, new releases, and must-read forthcoming titles.

IBM Business Analytics-Case Analysis - 1181 Words

CASE ANALYSIS 6: MONEYGRAM INTERNATIONAL Company Background The MoneyGram brand is recognized throughout the world as a leading global payment services company. The diverse array of products and services we offer enables consumer and businesses to make payments and transfer money around the world. From New York to Russia or London to India - in more than 197 countries - MoneyGram s money transfer service moves money quickly and easily around the world. The payment services also help businesses operate more efficiently and cost effectively. We offer our products and services to consumers and businesses through a worldwide network of agents and financial institution customers. Ted Bridenstine, systems development†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"We are able to detect and respond to fraud faster than before to protect our consumers as well as our global network of agents,† says Bridenstine. â€Å"We must remain ever vigilant in the face of more sophisticated financial fraudsters. The solution stopped US$30,000 of fraudulent transactions on the first day and within 17 days of operation, it had stopped US$1 million of fraudulent transactions. We’ve already stopped more than US$37.7 million in all in fraudulent transactions and prevented thousands of customers from losing funds to fraud.† Business Objectives †¢ Detect signs of fraud and money laundering QUESTIONS 1. Identify how predictive analytics was used to solve the business problem. Explain how the predictive analytics solution works. Money Gram International standing firmly at 230,000 locations in 197 countries is indeed a leading money transfer worldwide, and with such large constituency, is faced with pressure to keep away from fraud as well as compliance with regulations affecting the international business transactions. Because of the nature of Money Gram s business, which is of course money transfer which solely uses computer system to speed transactions, there is no single data element that associates an individual with one or moreShow MoreRelatedManaging Business And Research Data Is A Big Trend Right Now1566 Words   |  7 PagesIBM Watson Analytics Shreya Prabhu, San Jose State University, San Jose CA Abstract Managing business and research data is a big trend right now. In the dearth of skilled data analysts and data scientists as to the ever increasing need of managing and analyzing data, it is the need of the hour to search for tools and solutions that can achieve big data analysis. 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It is built on the existing investments so that the employees can get access to current and accurate information. IBM is an example of the modern organizations that are offering virtually everything that a business may require in terms of software, hardware to industry specific applications

The Geography of Oceania, the Pacific Islands

Oceania is the name of the region consisting of island groups within the Central and South Pacific Ocean. It spans over 3.3 million square miles (8.5 million sq km). Some of the countries included in Oceania are Australia, New Zealand, Tuvalu, Samoa, Tonga, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, Fiji, Palau, Micronesia, the Marshall Islands, Kiribati,  and Nauru. Oceania also includes several dependencies and territories such as American Samoa, Johnston Atoll,  and French Polynesia. Physical Geography In terms of its physical geography, the islands of Oceania are often divided into four different sub-regions based on the geologic processes playing a role in their physical development. The first of these is Australia. It is separated because of its location in the middle of the Indo-Australian Plate and the fact that, due to its location, there was no mountain building during its development. Instead, Australias current physical landscape features were formed mainly by erosion. The second landscape category in Oceania is the islands found on the collision boundaries between the Earths crustal plates. These are found specifically in the South Pacific. For example, at the collision boundary between the Indo-Australian and Pacific plates are places like New Zealand, Papua New Guinea,  and the Solomon Islands. The North Pacific portion of Oceania also features these types of landscapes along the Eurasian and Pacific plates. These plate collisions are responsible for the formation of mountains like those in New Zealand, which climb to over 10,000 feet (3,000 m). Volcanic islands such as Fiji are the third category of landscape types found in Oceania. These islands typically rise from the seafloor through hotspots in the Pacific Ocean basin. Most of these areas consist of very small islands with high mountain ranges. Finally, coral reef islands and atolls such as Tuvalu are the last type of landscape found in Oceania. Atolls specifically are responsible for the formation of low-lying land regions, some with enclosed lagoons. Climate Most of Oceania is divided into two climate zones. The first of these is temperate and the second is tropical. Most of Australia and all of New Zealand are within the temperate zone and most of the island areas in the Pacific are considered tropical. Oceanias temperate regions feature high levels of precipitation, cold winters, and warm to hot summers. The tropical regions in Oceania are hot and wet year round. In addition to these climatic zones, most of Oceania is impacted by continuous trade winds and sometimes hurricanes (called tropical cyclones in Oceania) which have historically caused catastrophic damage to countries and islands in the region. Flora and Fauna Because most of Oceania is tropical or temperate, there is an abundant amount of rainfall which produces tropical and temperate rainforests throughout the region. Tropical rainforests are common in some of the island countries located near the tropics, while temperate rainforests are common in New Zealand. In both of these types of forests, there is a plethora of plant and animal species, making Oceania one of the worlds most biodiverse regions. It is important to note, however, that not all of Oceania receives abundant rainfall, and portions of the region are arid or semiarid. Australia, for example, features large areas of arid land which have little vegetation. In addition, El Nià ±o has caused frequent droughts in recent decades in Northern Australia and Papua New Guinea. Oceanias fauna, like its flora, is also extremely biodiverse. Because much of the area consists of islands, unique species of birds, animals,  and insects evolved out of isolation from others. The presence of coral reefs such as the Great Barrier Reef and Kingman Reef also represent large areas of biodiversity and some are considered biodiversity hotspots. Population Most recently in 2018, Oceanias population was around 41 million people, with the majority centered in Australia and New Zealand. Those two countries alone accounted for more than 28 million people, while Papua New Guinea had a population of over 8 million. The remaining population of Oceania is scattered around the various islands making up the region. Urbanization Like its population distribution, urbanization and industrialization also vary in Oceania. 89% of Oceanias urban areas are in Australia and New Zealand and these countries also have the most well-established infrastructure. Australia, in particular, has many raw minerals and energy sources, and manufacturing is a large part of its and Oceanias economy. The rest of Oceania and specifically the Pacific islands are not well developed. Some of the islands have rich natural resources, but the majority do not. In addition, some of the island nations do not even have enough clean drinking water or food to supply to their citizens. Agriculture Agriculture is also important in Oceania and there are three types which are common in the region. These include subsistence agriculture, plantation crops ,  and capital-intensive agriculture. Subsistence agriculture occurs on most of the Pacific islands and is done to support local communities. Cassava, taro, yams, and sweet potatoes are the most common products of this type of agriculture. Plantation crops are planted on the medium tropical islands while capital-intensive agriculture is practiced mainly in Australia and New Zealand. Economy Fishing is a significant source of revenue because many islands have maritime exclusive economic zones that extend for 200 nautical miles and many small islands have granted permission to foreign countries to fish the region via fishing licenses.   Tourism is also important to Oceania because many of the tropical islands like Fiji offer aesthetic beauty, while Australia and New Zealand are modern cities with modern amenities. New Zealand has also become an area centered on the growing field of ecotourism.

Flat Essay Free Essays

Lisa Andersen Jeff Kosse, Instructor ENG 105: English Composition I March 13, 2010 Our Modern World The world is flat! One unsuspecting person might think that I’m very naive to make such an assertion. In fact, I’d argue that the other person was rather naive after reading The World is Flat by Thomas L. Friedman and The Reluctant Fundamentalist by Mohsid Hamid. We will write a custom essay sample on Flat Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now In this essay, I will be explaining how I have come to conceive this notion. Now, what about the companies that do keep their businesses domestic? We, the United States, being a country where many ethnic groups and nationalities have come together, can still face stiff competition. We have immigrants wanting to live in the â€Å"greatest country in the world† so the reputation says. Companies can find people who will do the labor for less, just to have a job. Not only is there competition in laborers, but there’s competition in â€Å"white collar† jobs, as well. It’s all coming down to who has the best education, the ability, and the flexibility. For example, if the demand to relocate or travel is there and if one prospect won’t do it, the company or business will find a candidate who will. There are people in society today who know no boundaries and will do whatever it takes to climb the corporate ladder and if it means going to another country to obtain their desires or dreams, that’s exactly what they will do. This leads to a compelling point in the book, The Reluctant Fundamentalist in which the main character, Changez- a Pakistani, succeeded in earning a coveted job with a prestigious American company (Hamid, 5. This position was not necessarily sought upon because of a yearning to be an American, but rather as a vehicle to success and fortune. The drive for his success with this company was fueled by his desire to prove himself better than the American counterparts as opposed to the success of the prestigious company, itself. Changez had no emotional connection to the United States as evidenced by his indi fference to the attacks on the World Trade Center (Hamid, 72. ) As illustrated by Hamid, if the drive for success is possessed, then no boundaries will get in the way. How to cite Flat Essay, Essays

Organizational Change Management Rapid Supply Electronics Components

Question: Discuss about the Organizational Change Managementfor Rapid Supply Electronics Components Limited. Answer: Introduction It is important to state that Rapid Supply Electronics Components Limited (RSEC) gained acquisition of Electronic Bits Fast (EBF) in March of 2013. Both organizations worked in Australia, supplying electronic products to an extensive variety of clients. Various elements had risen on the EBF's procurement coordination, way to deal with overseeing deals, logistics, client administration and the brand qualities. The clients administration rule has added to its fast development over the past three years. RSEC is a devolved entity headquartered at Brisbane and a local structure that incorporates six specialty units serving diverse parts of Australia. Each of these specialty units has extensive self-governance including full duty regarding its own business power, dissemination operation and client administration office (McGeorge, 2013).Moreover, EBF brought a structure with the most capacities, including deals, logistics and client administration. They are situated at their head office in Sydney. The Board, with the assistance of the business frameworks chief, form the first RSEC association, and changed up the built structure. This concentrated on outlining and actualizing another association structure for deals, logistics and client administration and undertaking dealing with the physical move, acquainting RSEC staff with the EBF SAP framework, making new telephone and IT arranges, and developing another client administration office to oblige the improved client administration focus in Sydney (Harris, 2013). Analysis Board individuals put significant pressure on workers to finish the rebuilding of the new business premises. The board wanted it done as fast as possible. This was because they need to exhibit new project to shareholders. Furthermore, they insist on the work completion so as to justify the EBF venture. This feeling of direness prompted the business system supervisor to receive strict orders approach. Thus, little consideration was given to assess the individuals opinion. Most employees were denied a chance to contribute and influence the new decisions. Those individuals felt that they could offer helpful contribution on the changes being implemented (Stensaker, 2012).Staff who had worked for RSEC before the securing of the new place had assumed that, their method of working was prevalent and would be taken off. They cited this on the grounds that they will lose their jobs positions if RSEC is procured by EBF and form a new combined organization. Employees in the offices perceived tha t a number of them would be required to migrate (Fink, 2013). While some would not have to move, but this was not clarified until sometime after the official declaration. Many of the directors working in the RSEC territorial workplaces foresees that they would be surplus to prerequisites after the redesign. Change administration can be characterized as 'the procedure of ceaselessly restoring an association's bearing, structure. According to Burnes Goodman Dingli (2013) change is a component which is constantly present in the life of association. It exist both at operational and vital level. RSEC knows that changes are required and they are completely equipped to executing these adjustments. According to Burnes 2004; Rieley and Clarkson, 2001, the associations procedure and authoritative systems are something which is very inseparable unit and cannot be isolated. In the early times the speculations was that if the association continued to change its administration system, then it can no more run viably nor would it be able to make any valid results in its change execution and implementation (Mullins, 2013). It was believed that the organization needed to bring new administration hypothesis into their routine with a specific end policies, so as to accomplish its goals effectiveness. This means that an association needs to give abundant time for a specific change to be embraced and settle down on the day by day routine. Giving employees time to adapt on the new surrounding will enhance running of an organization in a proficient manner .However, RSEC perceived that staff ought to experience ceaseless change to accomplish productivity. An association needs to manage unexpected circumstances at RSEC firm, exceptionally focused on the environment and how to manage it. RSEC must be more adaptable and prepared for any situational changes (Booth, 2012). RSEC changed their working structures to be more aggressive and give the best to their clients. According to Bauer Jenny (2013)change is something to do with execution of new inventive methods for doing things, empowering the opportunity. Number of changes can be presented in the framework yet the one which conveys accomplishment to the association is thought to be the most vital one of all. There could be different components for change (Fink, 2013).Change can be either inward or outer. The initial move towards authoritative change is to comprehend the necessities of the association and issues with the present administration structure. Solutions Regardless of being a renowned brand, RSEC needs to confront some issues and make changes in its administrative structure (Chimusoro, 2012). Marketing and promoting plays a vital role in setting up an organization image. Primarily, RSEC ought to formulate new strategies in the view of increasing their sales and better the image of their business (Herholdt, 2012). This association is striving hard to attain its objective by acquisition of more firms such as EBF in expanding their market to diversified parts of the nation. It is pertinent to state that RSEC as any other organization is aimed at expanding its business through acquisition of more firms so that they reach more clients and able to increase on their sales with intent of realizing better profits for its business (Mullins, 2013). Moreover, this venture may meet its set goals of marketing, if it clearly studies the behavior of their customers in the market. This operation is easily carried out through conducting an empirical s urvey of the place in which the business has been located. To clear the aforesaid misunderstanding in the firm, there is need for the management to fully embrace effective communication. Changes are very necessary for a business; however, it ought to be carried out carefully so as not to interfere with normal functioning of the entire system. There are number of issues that should be considered before taking drastic steps of transforming the organization(McLennan, 2013). The management needs to highlight some of the underlying factors that may crop up after the firm decides to relocate. Moreover, it is important for the said organization to provide a clear modus operandi on how to solve probable problems that arises due to their action. Recommendation RSEC ought to consolidate administration in the framework to upgrade the nature of staff and the time spent by them at the work place. Diverse evaluation strategies can help workers (Bauer, 2013). Working environment can likewise be enhanced so that staff individuals can have a decent time, while working for the organization which in the meantime additionally benefits the company. Rapid Supply Electronics Components Limited alongside great administration group is expected to settle such inside clash issues. The second most essential change is to support the achievement that had been accomplished through execution of new administration process. For the accomplishment of progress administration, it is critical that every one of the employees is involved. The administration of the association ought to continually separate the present business sector viewpoints and foresee future situations, so that it can set itself up for next plans for progress that will be required for the achievement of the association (Head, 2012). According to Harris, McCaffer Edum-Fotwe (2013) assert that the administration of the association must create ideal opportunity for their staff. Due to uncertainties that was experienced in the organization, there is need for the management to take a total overhaul of their system with intent of improving on their performance for efficacy. The series of transformation in the organization was not expected by most of the employees. There is an aspect of uncertainty that is clearly exuded by this staff upon hearing that they would relocate their current position (Sharma, 2012). There is a lot of unpreparedness that is evident from the employees which makes it difficult during the transition period from their place of operation. This situation has resulted to some form of resistance and others treating the shifting with total indignation (Elearn, 2012). The system is experiencing entropy and this may hinder its functionality due to the instance of differences and dissatisfaction that is evident in the business. The management ought to have fully consulted different stakeholders and most importantly preparing its employees in advance on the decisions that the management arrived at (Goodman, 2013). This could have psychologically prepared the employees on appropriate step to take and also allow them time to fully comprehend on the managerial decisions There is a decent risk if RSEC cannot change its image as soon as possible. It needs to nourishment the industry from where it is, to a higher reputable company. Implementation At the point when implementation changes clashes, dependably take over. There are dependably clashes on the course towards changes either before or after it has been started. Change in administration can be the motivation to convey achievement, however clashes can bring issues if there are not determined in real time(Harris, 2013). The administration must know that it ought to have new equipped strategies to implement this vital changes. They also need to have the capacity to execute the strategies by adequately addressing the issues. It is essential to know the assent of the partners at the association as they are the part of the association. RSEC workers resisted changes administered by the management. Most of the times workers or clients individuals frequently oppose evolving (Harper, 2012). There might be representatives or clients who might acknowledge the change joyfully; however, the issue is with the individuals who do not comply with new administration system. More often than not they may believe that the change which has been introduced is nothing to do with solving the issue but it might exacerbate the circumstances. Workers are by all account not the only one who oppose changes. Once in a while even the clients themselves are not always prepared for change. Similarly, those employees who are opposed to this move of relocation may make the organization realize loss since they would be reluctant to fully participate in the growth of the business. Alongside this issue, Rapid Supply Electronics Components Limited may face, hard times finding the right staff to drive this changes. Notwithstanding from representatives and client's resistance there can be different obstructions this may influence the procedure of progress (Mader, 2013). According to Chimusoro (2012) advancement is something that does not happen in a day it takes arrangement of stages to complete the procedure of progress. So to conquer the issue of negative reaction, the administration management in the organization ought to make the staff experience fundamental by preparing advancement programs. The preparation project ought to be with the end goal that give complete comprehension of the system to the individuals. It ought to ensure that none of the data is missed in the preparation program. After the system there ought to be a follow up to check on the off chance that every one of the individuals have comprehended and have adequate data to bolster change. It is the prerogative of the management to fully implement its policies clearly and ensure that it is religiously followed the staff to the latter. This is achieved through signing of contracts. As such, all the employees are committed towards serving the firm regardless of its position or location (McGeorge, 2013). References Bauer, G. F. (2013). Salutogenic organizations and change: The concepts behind organizational health intervention research . Dordrecht: Springer. Booth, C. . (2012). Solutions to climate change challenges in the built environment. Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell. Chimusoro, I. (2012). Change Management for Parastatals: Analysis of Change Management, Leadership and Organisational Culture in a State Enterprise . SaarbruÃÅ'ˆcken: LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing. Elearn. (2012). Change Management Revised Edition. Hoboken: Taylor Francis. Fink, D. (2013). Project risk governance: Managing uncertainty and creating organisational value. Goodman, M. . (2013). Creativity and strategic innovation management. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. Harper, R. R. (2012). Organisational Change in Retail Finance. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis. Harris, F. M.-F. (2013). Modern construction management. Hoboken: N.J: Wiley-Blackwell. Head, C. W. (2012). Planting the flag: Organisational change. Herholdt, J. (2012). Managing Change in Organisations. Randburg: Knowres Publishing. Mader, C. S. (2013). Effective change management, governance policy for sustainability transformation in higher education. McGeorge, W. D. (2013). Construction management: New directions. Chichester, West Sussex, U.K: John Wiley Sons Inc. McLennan, R. (2013). Cases in organisational behaviour. Taylor Francis. Mullins, L. J. (2013). Management organisational behaviour. Sharma, R. R. (2012). Change management and organisational transformation. New Delhi, India: Tata McGraw Hill. Stensaker, B. V. (2012). Managing reform in universities: The dynamics of culture, identity and organisational change. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Sulkowski, L. (2012). Neodarwinism in Organization and Management. Frankfurt: Peter Lang GmbH, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften.

Young Goodman Brown, By Nathaniel Hawthorne, Is A Story That Is Thick Essay Example For Students

Young Goodman Brown, By Nathaniel Hawthorne, Is A Story That Is Thick Essay Young Goodman Brown, by Nathaniel Hawthorne, is a story that is thick with allegory. Young Goodman Brown is a moral story which is told through the perversion of a religious leader. In Young Goodman Brown, Goodman Brown is a Puritan minister who lets his excessive pride in himself interfere with his relations with the community after he meets with the devil, and causes him to live the life of an exile in his own community. Young Goodman Brown begins when Faith, Browns wife, asks him not to go on an errand. Goodman Brown says to his love and (my) Faith that this one night I must tarry away from thee. When he says his love and his Faith, he is talking to his wife, but he is also talking to his faith to God. He is venturing into the woods to meet with the Devil, and by doing so, he leaves his unquestionable faith in God with his wife. We will write a custom essay on Young Goodman Brown, By Nathaniel Hawthorne, Is A Story That Is Thick specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now He resolves that he will cling to her skirts and follow her to Heaven. This is an example of the excessive pride because he feels that he can sin and meet with the Devil because of this promise that he made to himself. There is a tremendous irony to this promise because when Goodman Brown comes back at dawn; he can no longer look at his wife with the same faith he had before. When Goodman Brown finally meets with the Devil, he declares that the reason he was late was because Faith kept me back awhile. This statement has a double meaning because his wife physically prevented him from being on time for his meeting with the devil, but his faith to God psychologically delayed his meeting with the devil. The Devil had with him a staff that bore the likeness of a great black snake. The staff which looked like a snake is a reference to the snake in the story of Adam and Eve. The snake led Adam and Eve to their destruction by leading them to the Tree of Knowledge. The Adam and Eve story is similar to Goodman Brown in that they are both seeking unfathomable amounts of knowledge. Once Adam and Eve ate from the Tree of Knowledge they were expelled from their paradise. The Devils staff eventually leads Goodman Brown to the Devils ceremony which destroys Goodman Browns faith in his fellow man, therefore expelling him from his utopia. Goodman Brown almost immediately declares that he kept his meeting with the Devil and no longer wishes to continue on his errand with the Devil. He says that he comes from a race of honest men and good Christians and that his father had never gone on this errand and nor will he. The Devil is quick to point out however that he was with his father and grandfather when they were flogging a woman or burning an Indian village, respectively. These acts are ironic in that they were bad deeds done in the name of good, and it shows that he does not come from good Christians.When Goodman Browns first excuse not to carry on with the errand proves to be unconvincing, he says he cant go because of his wife, Faith. And because of her, he can not carry out the errand any further. At this point the Devil agrees with him and tells him to turn back to prevent that Faith should come to any harm like the old woman in front of them on the path. Ironically, Goodman Browns faith is harmed because the woman on the path is the woman who taught him his catechism in youth, and was still his moral and spiritual adviser. The Devil and the woman talk and afterward, Brown continues to walk on with the Devil in the disbelief of what he had just witnessed. Ironically, he blames the woman for consorting with the Devil but his own pride stops him from realizing that his faults are the same as the womans. Brown again decides that he will no longer to continue on his errand and rationalizes that just because his teacher was not going to heaven, why should he quit my dear Faith, and go after her. At this, the Devil tosses Goodman Brown his staff (which will lead him out of his Eden) and leaves him.Goodman Brown begins to think to himself about his situation and his pride in himself begins to build. He applauds himself greatly, and thinking with how clear a conscience he should meet his ministerAnd what calm sleep would be his. ..in the arms of Faith! This is ironic because at the end of the story, he can not even look Faith in the eye, let alone sleep in her arms. As Goodman Brown is feeling good about his strength in resisting the Devil, he hears the voices of the minister and Deacon Gookin. .u91826df712b27ff28c1433023c8d9aad , .u91826df712b27ff28c1433023c8d9aad .postImageUrl , .u91826df712b27ff28c1433023c8d9aad .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u91826df712b27ff28c1433023c8d9aad , .u91826df712b27ff28c1433023c8d9aad:hover , .u91826df712b27ff28c1433023c8d9aad:visited , .u91826df712b27ff28c1433023c8d9aad:active { border:0!important; } .u91826df712b27ff28c1433023c8d9aad .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u91826df712b27ff28c1433023c8d9aad { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u91826df712b27ff28c1433023c8d9aad:active , .u91826df712b27ff28c1433023c8d9aad:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u91826df712b27ff28c1433023c8d9aad .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u91826df712b27ff28c1433023c8d9aad .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u91826df712b27ff28c1433023c8d9aad .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u91826df712b27ff28c1433023c8d9aad .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u91826df712b27ff28c1433023c8d9aad:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u91826df712b27ff28c1433023c8d9aad .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u91826df712b27ff28c1433023c8d9aad .u91826df712b27ff28c1433023c8d9aad-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u91826df712b27ff28c1433023c8d9aad:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Martin Luther King And Mass Media Essay He overhears their conversation and hears them discuss a goodly young woman to be taken in to communion that evening at that nights meeting and fears that it may be his Faith. When Goodman Brown hears this he becomes weak and falls to the ground. He begins to doubt whether there really was a Heaven above him and this is a key point when Goodman Browns faith begins to wain. Goodman Brown in panic declares that With Heaven above, and Faith below, I will yet stand firm against the devil! Again, Brown makes a promise to keep his faith unto God. Then a black mass of cloud goes in between Brown and the sky as if to block his prayer from heaven. Brown then hears what he believed to be voices that he has before in the community. Once Goodman Brown begins to doubt whether this is really what he had heard or not, the sound comes to him again and this time it is followed by one voice, of a young woman. Goodman believes this is Faith and he yells out her name only to be mimicked by the echoes of the forest, as if his calls to Faith were falling on deaf ears. A pink ribbon flies through the air and Goodman grabs it. At this moment, he has lost all faith in the world and declares that there is no good on earth. Young Goodman Brown in this scene is easily manipulated simply by the power of suggestion. The suggestion that the woman in question is his Faith, and because of this, he easily loses his faith. Goodman Brown then loses all of his inhibitions and begins to laugh insanely. He takes hold of the staff which causes him to seem to fly along the forest-path. This image alludes to that of Adam and Eve being led out of the Garden of Eden as is Goodman Brown being led out of his utopia by the Devils snakelike staff. Hawthorne at this point remarks about the instinct that guides mortal man to evil. This is a direct statement from the author that he believes that mans natural inclination is to lean to evil than good. Goodman Brown had at this point lost his faith in God, therefore there was nothing restraining his instincts from moving towards evil because he had been lead out from his utopian image of society. At this point, Goodman Brown goes mad and challenges evil. He feels that he will be the downfall of evil and that he is strong enough to overcome it all. This is another demonstration of Browns excessive pride and arrogance. He believes that he is better than everyone else in that he alone can destroy evil. Brown then comes upon the ceremony which is setup like a perverted Puritan temple. The altar was a rock in the middle of the congregation and there were four trees surrounding the congregation with their tops ablaze, like candles. A red light rose and fell over the congregation which cast a veil of evil over the congregation over the devil worshippers.Brown starts to take notice of the faces that he sees in the service and he recognizes them all, but he then realizes that he does not see Faith and hope came into his heart. This is the first time that the word hope ever comes into the story and it is because this is the true turning point for Goodman Brown. If Faith was not there, as he had hoped, he would not have to live alone in his community of heathens, which he does not realize that he is already apart of. Another way that the hope could be looked at is that it is all one of the Christian triptych. (Capps 25) The third part of the triptych which is never mentioned throughout the story is charity. If Brown had had charity it would have been the antidote that would have allowed him to survive without despair the informed state in which he returned to Salem. (Camps 25) The ceremony then begins with a a cry to Bring forth the converts! Surprisingly Goodman Brown steps forward. He had no power to retreat one step, nor to resist, even in thought. Goodman Brown at this point seems to be in a trance and he loses control of his body as he is unconsciously entering this service of converts to the devil. The leader of the service than addresses the crowd of converts in a disturbing manner. He informs them that all the members of the congregation are the righteous, honest, and incorruptible of the community. The sermon leader then informs the crowd of their leaders evil deeds such as attempted murder of the spouse and wife, adultery, and obvious blasphemy. .u490d083c94f79bfa7a5fd611d3124dac , .u490d083c94f79bfa7a5fd611d3124dac .postImageUrl , .u490d083c94f79bfa7a5fd611d3124dac .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u490d083c94f79bfa7a5fd611d3124dac , .u490d083c94f79bfa7a5fd611d3124dac:hover , .u490d083c94f79bfa7a5fd611d3124dac:visited , .u490d083c94f79bfa7a5fd611d3124dac:active { border:0!important; } .u490d083c94f79bfa7a5fd611d3124dac .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u490d083c94f79bfa7a5fd611d3124dac { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u490d083c94f79bfa7a5fd611d3124dac:active , .u490d083c94f79bfa7a5fd611d3124dac:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u490d083c94f79bfa7a5fd611d3124dac .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u490d083c94f79bfa7a5fd611d3124dac .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u490d083c94f79bfa7a5fd611d3124dac .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u490d083c94f79bfa7a5fd611d3124dac .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u490d083c94f79bfa7a5fd611d3124dac:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u490d083c94f79bfa7a5fd611d3124dac .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u490d083c94f79bfa7a5fd611d3124dac .u490d083c94f79bfa7a5fd611d3124dac-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u490d083c94f79bfa7a5fd611d3124dac:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: French Revolution Essay After his sermon, the leader informs them to look upon each other and Goodman Brown finds himself face to face with Faith. The leader begins up again declaring that Evil is the nature of mankind and he welcomes the converts to communion of your race. (The communion of your race statement reflects to the irony of Browns earlier statement that he comes from a race of honest men and good Christians.) The leader than dips his hand in the rock to draw a liquid from it and to lay the mark of baptism upon their foreheads. Brown than snaps out from his trance and yells Faith! Faith! Look up to Heaven and resist the wicked one! At this, the ceremony ends and Brown finds himself alone. He does not know whether Faith, his wife, had kept her faith, but he finds himself alone which leads him to believe that he is also alone in his faith. Throughout the story, Brown lacks emotion as a normal person would have had. The closest Brown comes to showing an emotion is when a hanging twig, that had been all on fire, besprinkled his cheek with the coldest dew. The dew on his cheek represents a tear that Brown is unable to produce because of his lack of emotion. Hawthorne shows that Brown has no compassion for the weaknesses he sees in others, no remorse for his own sin, and no sorrow for his loss of faith. (Easterly 339) His lack of remorse and compassion condemns him to an anguished life that is spiritually and emotionally dissociated. (Easterly 341) This scene is an example of how Goodman Brown chose to follow his head rather than his heart. Had Brown followed his heart, he may have still lived a good life. If he followed with his heart, he would have been able to sympathize with the communitys weaknesses, but instead, he listened to his head and excommunicated himself from the community because he only thought of them as heathens. Young Goodman Brown ends with Brown returning to Salem at early dawn and looking around like a bewildered man. He cannot believe that he is in the same place that he just the night before; because to him, Salem was no longer home. He felt like an outsider in a world of Devil worshippers and because his basic means of order, his religious system, is absent, the society he was familiar with becomes nightmarish. (Shear 545) He comes back to the town projecting his guilt onto those around him. (Tritt 114) Brown expresses his discomfort with his new surroundings and his excessive pride when he takes a child away from a blessing given by Goody Cloyse, his former Catechism teacher, as if he were taking the child from the grasp of the fiend himself. His anger towards the community is exemplified when he sees Faith who is overwhelmed with excitement to see him and he looks sternly and sadly into her face, and passed on without a greeting. Brown cannot even stand to look at his wife with whom he was at the convert service with. He feels that even though he was at the Devils service, he is still better than everyone else because of his excessive pride. Brown feels he can push his own faults on to others and look down at them rather than look at himself and resolve his own faults with himself. Goodman Brown was devastated by the discovery that the potential for evil resides in everybody. The rest of his life is destroyed because of his inability to face this truth and live with it. The story, which may have been a dream, and not a real life event, planted the seed of doubt in Browns mind which consequently cut him off from his fellow man and leaves him alone and depressed. His life ends alone and miserable because he was never able to look at himself and realize that what he believed were everyone elses faults were his as well. His excessive pride in himself led to his isolation from the community. Brown was buried with no hopeful verse upon his tombstone; for his dying hour was gloom. Works Cited Capps, Jack L. Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown, Explicator, Washington D.C. , 1982 Spring, 40:3, 25.Easterly, Joan Elizabeth. Lachrymal Imagery in Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown, Studies in Short Fiction, Newberry, S.C. , 1991 Summer, 28:3, 339-43. Hawthorne, Nathaniel. Young Goodmam Brown, The Story and Its Writer, 4th ed. Ed. Ann Charters. Boston: Bedford Books of St. Martins Press, 1995, 595-604. Shear, Walter. Cultural Fate and Social Freedom in Three American Short Stories, Studies in Short Fiction, Newberry, S.C., 1992 Fall, 29:4, 543-549. Tritt, Michael. Young Goodman Brown and the Psychology of Projection, Studies in Short Fiction, Newberry, S.C., 1986 Winter, 23:1, 113-117.

Converting VB6 to VB.NET

Converting VB6 to VB.NET VB.Net has a built-in migration tool, but converting VB6 code to VB.NET isn’t as easy as loading it to the newer software. The migration tool does a lot of the work, especially with syntax, but nowhere near all of it. You must work on your VB6 code before you try to load it in VB.Net. Should You Upgrade the Code? Some types of programs are best left in VB6. If your projects use WebClasses, DHTML pages, and UserControls, the migration to VB.NET may not go smoothly. That isn’t to say you shouldn’t try. The migration wizard will list any critical issues, and you can go back and fix them. Preparing Your VB6 Code for Migration Remove any dead code that your program doesn’t use and join any duplicated code to reduce the code more. You can do this manually if you are patient or your program isn’t lengthy, or you can use a source code analyzer program to locate the duplicated or unused code. Fix Any Data Declarations If you used undeclared variables in your program, you have a lot of work ahead of you. Add proper type declarations to every Dim statement and add Option Explicit statements. This will smooth the import process. Don’t worry, if you miss any, you’ll find out later. VB.NET Wizard Goes to Work Open your program in VB.NET and wait while the migration tool does its work. Expect to receive a lengthy report listing all the upgrade issues- the ones the wizard fixed and the ones it didn’t. There will also be comments in the code near spots that need extra work. Try to Compile Don’t even hope for your code to compile the first time through. It won’t, but you’ll receive a long list of compile errors that you can go back and fix. Work on Your Code Using the reports, return to your code and fix the critical issues. When you’ve done them all, load the code into VB.NET again. You may receive another list of critical issues to fix, but eventually, it will make it through the wizard and the compiler. You’re not done yet. Look for comments the migration tool left in your code and do whatever the comments say. Now, run and test your program in VB.NET.

Examine the impact of the new media on Parliaments and MPs Essay

Examine the impact of the new media on Parliaments and MPs - Essay Example ment should make sure they do whatever it takes to protect a free and independent media as its presence is vital for a functioning democracy as well as good governance (Girard 2002). It is for this reason that make parliament strive to establish a culture through legislation which protects the media. Generally, the aim of this essay is to investigate the effect of new information and communications technologies (ICTs), mostly the internet, upon parliamentary democracy in Britain. This study views three important aspects which the internet puts on parliamentary democracy such as, the practices, principles and rules related to the use of the internet in a parliamentary context. It is hoped that, perception on the development of and issues of e-democracy can be established. To facilitate the media’s operation, Parliament should ensure freedom of expression, rights to information in addition to freedom of the press. According to Rogers (1995) it is important for parliamentarians to participate in debates on how to bring about a balance between the freedom of speech and standards of responsibility on top of decency and quality. In Britain for example, BBC have had a powerful effect on the rising technologies. Earlier, internet domain was delegated to an individual. Domain requests had to be emailed, manually screened and then forwarded to the UK naming committee before processing. Membership was restricted to a certain group of people who were part of a peering arrangement. The naming committee could object to a name and if small number objected then the name was refused. In mid 1990s growth of internet and the introduction of the WWW pushed request for domain name registrations grew to levels that were not manageable. Automation tools were provid ed which formalised the naming process. A good professional relationship should be created between the parliamentarians and journalists for them to fulfil their duties. This relationship is based on mutual respect as well

What Is HRM, And Does It Matters HR And Organization's Performance Essay

What Is HRM, And Does It Matters HR And Organization's Performance - Essay Example Broadly, human resource management is referred as a rational and strategic approach for managing a firm's most valuable asset. This valued asset is employees who contribute to the organization in an individual and collective manner in order to reach its strategic goals( Armstrong, 2006, p.5).According to Storey (1989) HRM can be defined as a "set of interrelated policies with an ideological and philosophical underpinning"(cited in Armstrong, 2006, p.5).Storey(1989) highlights four aspects that constitute significant version of HRM, it includes: a specific collection of beliefs and assumptions; a strategic drive for informed decisions about people and management; line managers' central involvement; and dependence on a set of 'levers' for shaping employment relationship(cited in Armstrong, 2006, p.5).).Storey(1989) highlights four aspects that constitute significant version of HRM, it includes: a specific collection of beliefs and assumptions; a strategic drive for informed decisions a bout people and management; line managers' central involvement; and dependence on a set of 'levers' for shaping employment relationship(cited in Armstrong, 2006, p.5).... HRM deals with the achieving objectives' in areas that include: organizational effectiveness, human capital management, knowledge management, reward management, employee relation, meeting diverse needs, and filling the gap between rhetoric and reality (Armstrong, 2006, p.11). HR matters as it has influence on diverse areas of organization's performance. According to Purcell et al. (2003), HR can lead and contribute to the development and implementation of high performance work practices. In particular, the practices linked with job work and design, flexibility, resourcing and talent management, reward, employee development, and employee representation. It contributes to the process of formulation and incorporation of clear vision and values of organization; development of positive psychological association and means of increased motivation and commitment; creation of a perfect workplace; support and guidance to managers for the implantation or HR policies and procedures; and effectiv e change management. HR and Organization's performance HRM practice is based on the assumption that employees are key resource, and overall organizational performance is largely dependent on them. Therefore, appropriate HR policies and policies and their effective implementation can make substantial improvements in organization's performance. Several HR commentators identified the crucial need to establish that there exist an evident and positive association between HRM practices and organizational performance. It is not sufficient to prove that HR is a good thing, but the initiatives that ensure its effectiveness. It is the 'black box' exists between intentions and outcomes as

Design of Face Recognition Image Processor

Design of Face Recognition Image Processor Abstract This project deals with the design and implementation of an image processing system for Face recognition using MATLAB. Image treatment is a complex task so, we must study all the background information that image formation and processing requires, and learn the main MATLAB functions which will have to be used. The purpose for this study is to investigate a software application that can show how an image is processed in computer platform. The processing will be done in comparing the sketch image with the real picture to matrix model by using MATLAB program. Picture will be shown when program is running successfully. Real image or picture will be resulted from the matrix using the function in the MATLAB. We can use various functions such as filter or rotate depending on the user itself. In this study, the picture or real image used is from Internet that has referenced properly, scanner and etc. Basic mathematical calculation does not apply in this project as it only used MATLAB program. The significant of this project is to educated user and for us to learn how to process images by MATLAB to learn how the image can be changes after the function indicated by the program. Introduction: Our project is about to know how we can employ image processing application by using MATLAB functions. By the help of image processing Toolbox of MATLAB we were able to modify/write a program with GUI to read images, process them, blur them, and then recognize them as versions of the same images that exist in an image database; lastly we were able to display the original and blurred images. Image processing is the field of signal processing where both the input and output signals are images. Images can be thought of as two-dimensional signals via a matrix representation, and image processing can be understood as applying standard one-dimensional signal processing techniques to two-dimensional signals. Image processing is a very important subject, and finds applications in such fields as photography, satellite imaging, medical imaging, and image compression, just to name a few. In the past, image processing was largely done using analog devices. However, as computers have become more powerful, processing shifted toward the digital domain. Like one-dimensional digital signal processing, digital image processing overcomes traditional analog problems such as noise, distortion during processing, inflexibility of system to change, and difficulty of implementation. The image processing technique we will be implementing will be image blurring even there are many image processing techniques we have by using MATLAB to output the image as a matrix and store it in the data memory. In todays world, digital technology is ever growing, and the development of digitally based products is rising. Various industries such as audio, video, and cellular industry rely heavily on this digital technology. A great part of this deals with digital signal processing. This aspect in engineering has gained increasing interest, especially with much of the world now turning to wireless technology and its applications to keep businesses and industries connected. The world of digital technology is certainly one that will be present for many years to come. [Ref: 4] Project outline: This report consists four chapters. In first chapter, it discuss about the objective and scope of this project as long as summary of works. While Chapter 2 will discuss more on theory and literature reviews that have been done. In Chapter 3, the discussion will be on the methodology hardware and software implementation of this project. The result and discussion will be presented in Chapter 4. Last but not least, Chapter 5 discusses the conclusion of this project and future work that can be done. Problem Statement: In the image processing program, the info for the function are not stated clearly enough and make people understand. In the GUI (Graphical User Interface) program, the info should function as pop-up window after user press any function button. As the project title is Image Processing using MATLAB Learning Tool, the information is not good enough and clears to understand to be recognized by people. The main problem is the effectiveness of people to recognize it. Basically we have used many techniques through which we tried to simplified the way of face recognition. We have used eigenface technique that is very standarlize way to recognize the face using MATLAB application MATLAB also can be used in industry in the areas of bar coding, deck-top publication, copy preparation for printing and factory automation. However, due to the information and studies this state of program of image processing that I only can create. More advance and more functional program can be creating by using MATLAB. Thereby, to write the program became problem and this project not perfectly complete. The problem which comes to set a task to recreate the convolution function for applying filters in image processing. It is very difficult to manage and get the code working. It is also not easy to write our own m-function for unsharp masking of a given image to produce a new output image. During the project development we found following difficulties Apply smoothing to produce a blurred version of the original image, subtract the blurred image from the original image to produce an edge image. Add the edge image to the original image to produce a sharpened image. When carrying out the convolution image is cropped down by some pixel, this means when we go to carry out the subtraction for the unsharpening the images are not the same size and the subtraction cannot take place. To overcome this problems we created a blank matrix in the convolution function that is the same size as the image being inputted, the new image will then go on top of this matrix so in affect the new image has a 1 pixel border around it to make it to its original size. It is very interesting and challenging to come out from these above mentioned problems and for that we have done. Solutions to problems in the field of digital image processing generally require extensive experimental work involving software simulation and testing with large sets of sample images. Although algorithm development typically is based on theoretical underpinnings, the actual implementation of these algorithms almost always requires parameter estimation and, frequently, algorithm revision and comparison of solutions. Because it works in the MATLAB computing environment, the Image Processing Toolbox offers some significant advantages Key components of our approach We have used Eigen Vector method [Ref 12] that is a set of eigenfaces can be generated by performing a mathematical process called principal component analysis (PCA) on a large set of images depicting different human faces. Informally, eigenfaces can be considered a set of standardized face ingredients, derived from statistical analysis of many pictures of faces. Any human face can be considered to be a combination of these standard faces. For example, ones face might be composed of the average face plus 10% from eigenface 1, 55% from eigenface 2, and even -3% from eigenface 3. Remarkably, it does not take many eigenfaces combined together to achieve a fair approximation of most faces. Also, because a persons face is not recorded by a digital photograph, but instead as just a list of values (one value for each eigenface in the database used), much less space is taken for each persons face. Apart from these our project methodology includes the following: Use MATLAB to simulate the processing technique. Carefully locating the memory blocks where we will store our original and output image. Comparing our results in MATLAB. Basically the eigenvectors of a square matrix are the non-zero vectors that, after being multiplied by the matrix, remain proportional to the original vector (i.e., change only in magnitude, not in direction). For each eigenvector, the corresponding eigenvalue is the factor by which the eigenvector changes when multiplied by the matrix. The eigenvectors are sometimes also called proper vectors, or characteristic vectors. Similarly, the eigenvalues are also known as proper values, or characteristic values. The mathematical expression of this idea is as follows: if A is a square matrix, a non-zero vector v is an eigenvector of A if there is a scalar ÃŽ » (lambda) such that The scalar ÃŽ » is said to be the eigenvalue of A corresponding to v. An eigenspace of A is the set of all eigenvectors with the same eigenvalue together with the zero vectors. However, the zero vector is not an eigenvector. any problems present themselves in terms of an eigenvalue problem: A ·v=ÃŽ »Ã‚ ·v In this equationAis an n-by-n matrix,vis a non-zero n-by-1 vector and ÃŽ » is a scalar (which may be either real or complex). Any value of ÃŽ » for which this equation has a solution is known as an eigenvalue of the matrixA. It is sometimes also called the characteristic value. The vector,v, which corresponds to this value is called an eigenvector. The eigenvalue problem can be rewritten as A ·v-ÃŽ »Ã‚ ·v=0 A ·v-ÃŽ »Ã‚ ·I ·v=0 (A-ÃŽ »Ã‚ ·I ·v)=0 If v is non-zero, this equation will only have a solution if |A-ÃŽ »Ã‚ ·I|=0 This equation is called the characteristic equation ofA, and is an nthorder polynomial in ÃŽ » with n roots. These roots are called the eigenvalues ofA. We will only deal with the case of n distinct roots, though they may be repeated. For each eigenvalue there will be an eigenvector for which the eigenvalue equation is true. This is most easily demonstrated by example Example: Find Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors of a 22 Matrix If then the characteristic equation is and the two eigenvalues are ÃŽ »1=-1, ÃŽ »2=-2 All thats left is to find the two eigenvectors. Lets find the eigenvector,v1, associated with the eigenvector, ÃŽ »1=-1, first. so clearly from the top row of the equations we get Note that if we took the second row we would get In either case we find that the first eigenvector is any 2 element column vector in which the two elements have equal magnitude and opposite sign. Where k1is an arbitrary constant. We didnt have to use +1 and -1, we could have used any two quantities of equal magnitude and opposite sign. Going through the same procedure for the second eigenvalue: Again, the choice of +1 and -2 for the eigenvector was arbitrary; only their ratio is important. Scope of Project The scope of our project includes the following: Study and understand the image processing in varies method, mainly in MATLAB. Create a GUI (Graphical User Interface) MATLAB program with several functions. This requires identifying the steps which must be done to obtain some results. Further this project, the main areas considered are: Study about MATLAB, and its main functions to obtain and process images. Write or modify a program which can be used to acquire and treat images. Some information about the image file and its characteristics to understand the information it contains. Objective of the Project The objective of this project is actually to educate us and new comers to basic and fundamental technique in image processing through integrated image processing software. All fundamental algorithms of image processing will be exposed through this package [Ref] the program is in appendix -B. This package will also provided easy-to-learn mechanisms turn user-friendly and graphic-orientation environment. These operations include preprocessing, spatial filtering, image enhancement, feature detection, image compression and image restoration involves process which restores a degraded image to something close to the ideal. Generally, in computer vision, especially in MATLAB program (image understanding or scene analysis) involves technique from image processing, pattern recognition and artificial intelligent. Particularly, MATLAB program offers many features and are more multifaceted then any calculator. MATLAB toolbox is a tool for making mathematical calculations. Literature review (Related Work to our Project) Image processing is any form of signal processing for which the input is an image, such as photographs; the output of image processing can be either an image or a set of characteristics or parameters related to the image. Most image-processing techniques involve treating the image as a two-dimensional signal and applying standard signal-processing techniques to it. Image processing converting the image to another form by using direction in MATLAB/Toolboxes/Image Processing tables for example is image input/output, color operation, image enhancement/ analysis and another method. Image processing and computer vision practitioners tend concentrate on a particular area of specialization. People refer to their research interests as â€Å"texture†, â€Å"surface mapping†, â€Å"video tracking†, and the like. Nevertheless, there is a strong need to appreciate the spectrum and hierarchy of processing levels. Image processing is the manipulation of the image by using a computer, with the objective to enhance or evaluate some aspect of an image which is not readily apparent in its original form. This is done through the development and implementation of processing means necessary to operate on the image. Processing image using a digital computer provides the greatest flexibility and power for general image processing application, since the programming of a computer can be changed easily which allows operation to be modified quickly. Interest in image processing technique dates back to early 1920s when digitized pictures of world news events were first transmitted by submarine cable between Newyork and London. However, application of digital image processing concepts did not become widespread until the middle 1960s, when third-generation digital computers began to offer the speed and storage capabilities required for practical implementation of image processing algorithms. Since then, this area has experienced vigorous growth and has been subjected of study and research in such fields as engineering, computer science, statistics, information science, physics, chemistry and medicine. The result of these efforts have established the value of image processing technique in of problem with application in diverse fields, including automated factory controlled, astronomy, meteorology, agriculture, medicine, art and military application. With the increasing availability of reasonably inexpensive hardware and some very importance application on the horizon, image technology is expected to continue its growth and to play an important role in the future. From the MATLAB software we have the Toolbox for image processing and Professional MATLAB. MATLAB is the interactive environment, scientists and engineers are able to analyze and develop algorithms with exceptional improvements n productivity and creativity. As a result of new algorithms with application-specific uses. The MathWorks offers a series of application toolboxes that contain set of MATLAB ofr the Linear algebra, high-speed computational kernel, extensive mathematical functionality, data analysis, 2-D and 3-D graphic rapid algorithm development, matrix based programming environment. In MATLAB Toolboxes professional version but priced at a lower rate for academic use. [Ref: 4] About Image Processing Tools of Matlab This set of Matlab tools consists of some functions that I have found useful for basic image processing and image analysis. When working with binary objects (4-connected foreground regions), we have often found it useful to measure features from the boundary stored as a list of coordinates. In other words, sometimes it is better to work with a polygon defining the foreground-background boundary than to work with a black and white image of the object. The boundary of an object in a binary (black and white) image can be stored as a list of pixel corner coordinates. The functiongetboundarymex [Ref 7] forms a list of these corner coordinates from a binary image containing an object. The toolbox containsselectobjectmexfor selecting regions by size. The commandimOut=selectobjectmex(imIn,n)will return an image,imOut, containing only thenth largest object (in terms of number of pixels) of the original imageimIn. This function is particularly useful if one wants to quickly threshold an image and then select the largest object without having to worry about smaller objects that are not of interest, e.g.imOut=selectobjectmex(im>0.5,1). [Ref:9] Also included is code for watershed segmentation by flooding from selected sources, fast calculation of object centroids etc. The usage of each the function is described by typinghelpfunctionat the MATLAB command prompt, wherefunctionis the name of the relevant function. The M-file scriptkftools shows an example of the usage of all of the functions in this toolbox . THEORY: There are various ways of implementing the image blurring technique: Linear blur horizontal or vertical averaging of a fixed number of pixels. Block blur averaging a small block of pixels by propagating a fixed sized window through the entire image. Gaussian blur convolution of the image with a two-dimensional Gaussian function. Linear blur: This is the simplest image blurring technique. It is done by taking the N-point average of a linear block of pixels (either horizontally or vertically). In our implementation, N will be 8, and we will be using the horizontal blur. An 1Ãâ€"N-pixel window is placed at the top left of the image, and the average of the window is stored in the N/2th pixel of the window (in a new image to prevent overwriting). The window is then shifted across the row and the process is repeated. Once the window reaches the end of the row, it is moved to the next row and the process repeats itself. [Ref:11] The advantage of this method is that it is the simplest of the three. However, it also gives the poorest blurring quality. This is because by taking the horizontal average of each row, there will be averaging â€Å"lines† in the output image. Also, parts of the picture where the detail does not span enough horizontal pixels will be lost after blurring. Finally, by the way this algorithm is designed, there will be an outer frame of the output image identical to the input image (i.e. the outer part of the image remains not blurred). [Ref:11] Block blur: This method is analogous to the linear blur, except that our window is now an NÃâ€"N-pixel window. The procedure is the same as the linear blur, with the averaged pixel stored in the (N/2, N/2) position of the window. See block_blur.m for the MATLAB implementation of this algorithm. This method improves upon the quality of the linear blur in that averaging â€Å"lines† are no longer visible in the output image. It also helps to retain details that span small horizontal distances in the original image better. However, it still does not overcome the problem of an outer frame in the output image that remains not blurred. [Ref:11] Gaussian blur: This is the best implementation of the image blurring technique, and is used in such commercial software as Adobe Photoshop. Unfortunately, it is also the most complex. It works by performing a two-dimensional convolution on the input image with a normalized two-dimensional MÃâ€"M-pixel Gaussian function. Intuitively, each pixel of the output image is actually a Gaussian function centred at each point of the input image. Hence, the convolution will increase the size of the output image to N+M-1, so that after convolution we must crop the image to reduce it to its proper size. This method is the best of the three. It has no averaging â€Å"lines† present, and it also blurs the entire image. Image Processing Toolbox (give reference to the Toolbox) Image Processing Toolbox provide us a comprehensive set of reference standard algorithms and graphical tools for image processing, analysis, visualization, and algorithm development. We can perform image enhancement, image deblurring, feature detection, noise reduction, image segmentation, spatial transformations, and image registration. Image Processing Toolbox supports a diverse set of image types, including high dynamic range, gigapixel resolution, ICC-compliant color, and tomographic images. Graphical tools let we explore an image, examine a region of pixels, adjust the contrast, create contours or histograms, and manipulate regions of interest (ROIs). With the toolbox algorithms we can restore degraded images, detect and measure features, analyze shapes and textures, and adjust the color balance of images. Key Features Image enhancement, filtering, and deblurring Image analysis, including segmentation, morphology, feature extraction, and measurement Spatial transformations and image registration Image transforms, including FFT, DCT, Radon, and fan-beam projection Workflows for processing, displaying, and navigating arbitrarily large images Modular interactive tools, including ROI selections, histograms, and distance measurements ICC color management Multidimensional image processing Image-sequence and video display DICOM import and export We have collected many image processing function which can make our project easy to execute , some of these function we used are as follows. Image Display and Exploration Immovie: Make movie from multiframe image Implay: Play movies, videos, or image sequences Imshow: Display image Imtool: Image Tool Montage: Display multiple image frames as rectangular montage Subimage: Display multiple images in single figure Warp: Display image as texture-mapped surface Image File I/O analyze75info: Read metadata from header file of Analyze 7.5 data set analyze75read: Read image data from image file of Analyze 7.5 data set Dicomanon: Anonymize DICOM file Dicomdict: Get or set active DICOM data dictionary Dicominfo: Read metadata from DICOM message Dicomlookup: Find attribute in DICOM data dictionary dicomread: Read DICOM image Dicomuid: Generate DICOM unique identifier Dicomwrite: Write images as DICOM files Hdrread: Read high dynamic range (HDR) image Hdrwrite: Write Radiance high dynamic range (HDR) image file Interfileinfo: Read metadata from Interfile file Interfileread: Read images in Interfile format Isrset: Check if file is R-Set Makehdr: Create high dynamic range image Nitfinfo: Read metadata from National Imagery Transmission Format (NITF) file Nitfread: Read image from NITF file Openrset: Open R-Set file Rsetwrite: Create reduced resolution data set from image file Image Types and Type Conversions Demosaic: Convert Bayer pattern encoded image to truecolor image gray2ind: Convert grayscale or binary image to indexed image Grayslice: Convert grayscale image to indexed image using multilevel thresholding Graythresh: Global image threshold using Otsus method im2bw: Convert image to binary image, based on threshold im2double: Convert image to double precision im2int16: Convert image to 16-bit signed integers im2java2d: Convert image to Java buffered image im2single: Convert image to single precision im2uint16: Convert image to 16-bit unsigned integers im2uint8: Convert image to 8-bit unsigned integers ind2gray: Convert indexed image to grayscale image ind2rgb: Convert indexed image to RGB image label2rgb: Convert label matrix into RGB image mat2gray: Convert matrix to grayscale image rgb2gray: Convert RGB image or colormap to grayscale We both studied the function properly and found few of them are very important for us to understand deeply. In order to segregate the most important function we select some of from them. System description: This project will use the MATLAB software package to develop algorithms which can automatically analyze these images for potential comets. MATLAB is a high-level programming environment very popular with scientists and engineers because of its powerful toolboxes and easy to use scripting language. Basic algorithms from the image processing toolbox will be utilized to find comets using the following general steps: Load original images into MATLAB Process images to isolate all bright spots and eliminate glare due to solar ejections Compare spots in subsequent images to find potential comet trajectories Analyze trajectories to ensure they meet known characteristics Highlight possible comets in original images and create output image Basically, MATLAB software has many functions/commands to apply in image processing. How to manipulate the program depending to us but must be practically know what item is MATLAB program will be used. Creativity in MATLAB can make the interesting result. Even, the complex data can be solved in MATLAB. Especially when the data involved is very complex. Here, we can create some image from converting data by using the some program in MATLAB, which just applied all procedure in the MATLAB program. MATLAB toolbox is a tool for making mathematical calculations. Image processing toolbox is user friendly programming language with feature more advanced. In the program also used the GUI (Graphical User Interface, move this definition to the first place where we used GUI) to create develop the program. Techniques and algorithm: Image and MATLAB involves the conversion of scene into a digital representation that can be processed by a digital computer. This can be performed by a sensor system specially designed to view a image and provide a digital representation of the image. When the images are installed in MATLAB, my picture for example, the color of that image is first analyzed. In the process include several functions of image processing technique. Processed Image is the image display after the process. GUI (Graphical User Interface) A graphical user interface (GUI) is a graphical display in one or more windows containing controls, called components that enable a user to perform interactive tasks. The user of the GUI does not have to create a script or type commands at the command line to accomplish the tasks. Unlike coding programs to accomplish tasks, the user of a GUI need not understand the details of how the tasks are performed. GUI components can include menus, toolbars, push buttons, radio buttons, list boxes, and sliders just to name a few. GUIs created using MATLAB tools can also perform any type of computation, read and write data files, communicate with other GUIs, and display data as tables or as plots Most GUIs wait for their user to manipulate a control, and then respond to each action in turn. Each control, and the GUI itself, has one or more user-written routines (executable MATLAB code) known as callbacks, named for the fact that they call back to MATLAB to ask it to do things. The execution of each callback is triggered by a particular user action such as pressing a screen button, clicking a mouse button, selecting a menu item, typing a string or a numeric value, or passing the cursor over a component. The GUI then responds to these events. We, as the creator of the GUI, provide callbacks which define what the components do to handle events. This kind of programming is often referred to as event-driven programming. In the example, a button click is one such event. In e vent-driven programming, callback execution is asynchronous, that is, it is triggered by events external to the software. In the case of MATLAB GUIs, most events are user interactions with the GUI, but the GUI can respond to other kinds of events as well, for example, the creation of a file or connecting a device to the computer. We can code callbacks in two distinct ways: As MATLAB functions, written in M and stored in M-files As strings containing MATLAB expressions or commands (such as c = sqrt(a*a + b*b);or print) Using functions stored in M-files as callbacks is preferable to using strings, as functions have access to arguments and are more powerful and flexible. MATLAB scripts (sequences of statements stored in M-files that do not define functions) cannot b e used as callbacks. Although we can provide a callback with certain data and make it do anything we want, we cannot control when callbacks will execute. That is, when wer GUI is being used, we have no control over the sequence of events that trigger particular callbacks or what other callbacks might still be running at those times. This distinguishes event-driven programming from

The Film, A Respectable Trade :: Slavery Movies

The Film, A Respectable Trade In the film, A Respectable Trade, the account of slavery is different than usually seen. With an English backdrop, the cruelty of the trade was concealed. The slaves were not laboring in fields, but were being trained in house maintenance. On the streets there are no slaves, they are rerouted to the United States where they are traded. Although the slaves in the film are generally absent from the physical atmosphere, they are vital to the economic growth of Bristol, England. Josiah Cole exemplifies the plight of the struggling businessman. His dream of a better life is echoed in today’s capitalist society. His constant drive is to move out of his father’s small home and into a bigger house in a better section of town. He is a shroud businessman who works hard to be innovative and find a new demand for his product. The economy of Bristol seems to revolve around one product, which is traded and sold. This description of Bristol doesn’t seem very different from many of today’s capitalist societies. The one difference is the product that is being sold and traded. The humans that are being treated as cargo change the whole system from a thriving capitalist society to one of slavery. The town of Bristol becomes the economic center for slave trading. The slaves are seldom seen, but th e money gained from their trading is essential to the town. Cole is taking a business risk by bringing the slaves to Bristol; most of the slaves are traded for other goods by the time they reach the port. He is refining the product he trades in hope that it will fetch him a higher price. The more refined the slave is, the higher price he can charge. This simple business venture is made complicated by social standards because he is trading human beings. Watching this class process of slavery now, from a different societal standpoint, seems foreign. But to the slave traders, such a Josiah Cole, they ignored the fact that they were buying and selling human beings and avowed that they were involved in, A Respectable Trade. A Respectable Trade, portrays slaves in a unique light. Most scenes of slavery in film show slaves working in the fields of southern states in the 19th century.

Biographical Approach to Kate Chopin’s “The Story of an Hour” Essay

Literature is always said to be the echo of life. It reflects the time, the mind’s state, and author’s life. Whenever one looks into any literature piece, they do not only read what is on the text but also try to understand the context that matters. These contexts include the life of the author, the era it was written, the social condition during the time it was set, and others. There are many ways in which a literary piece can be read and interpreted. The act of interpreting a literary text is called literary criticism. As said by Lamb (2003), literary criticism is an attempt to assess and comprehend the creative writing, the literature of an author. In this paper, the researcher uses a type of literary criticism to institute the meaning of the text. The researcher uses biographical approach to literary criticism. Eagleton (1996) describes this approach as a strategy of relating the author’s life and thoughts to his/her works. This allows the reader to understand elements employed in the work, plus to relate works to authorial meaning and readers. MHS Composition Guide states that there are central biographical questions needed to reflect on in taking this approach. These questions are: †¢ What biographical facts has the author used in the text? †¢ What biographical facts has the author changed? †¢ What insights do we acquire about the author’s life by reading the text? †¢ How do these facts and insights increase (or diminish) our understanding of the text? These questions wil used in the development of the body of this paper. In this paper, the researcher also attempts to give assessment in life to her short story, and to the main character of the short story â€Å"The Story of an Hour†. Horward (2005) states that Katherine O’Flaherty, also known as Kate Chopin, was one of the most renowned female writers of her time. Her universal themes are what made her extraordinary. She wrote several short stories including â€Å"The Story of an Hour†, â€Å"Euphrase†, â€Å"Mrs. Mobry’s Reason†, â€Å"A Shameful Affair† and many others. Kate Chopin was raised into a home of women in St. Louis. This had been a very big influence to her writings, mainly on her views about feminism – views about women. Chopin was later widowed at 32, and there she started writing for herself and for her six children. Chopin was an extensive reader that is why she was able to write stories of herself into creative ones. In the early 1970’s, it was the resurrection of women’s rights movements, and Kate Chopin was one of those contributors to the occurrence. She contributed a lot with her writings about women, daytime dramas, the feminine mystique, women’s liberation, Mars vs. Venus, self-help and open marriages. Definitely, Kate Chopin’s early experiences had a great influence on her writings. One of her celebrated short stories is â€Å"The Story of an Hour† and it is entirely famous not only in American Literature – but also in the world. While reading the short story, the reader finds connection between the life of the author and the life of the main character of the short story. These connections are the similarities that the reader had taken into consideration: Chopin and Her Father’s Loss One of the main events in the story is a loss of someone very important, more particularly, Mrs. Mallard’s husband’s loss. Josephine, Mrs. Mallard’s sister, had brought the sad message that there was a railroad disaster and of those listed as ‘killed’ was Brently Mallard, who was Mrs. Mallard’s husband. In Kate’s life, she had lost someone too, in a railroad accident in 1855 to a train accident. A Widow Mrs. Mallard is sooner or later, assumed to be a widow, but readers will soon find out that Mr. Mallard is alive. In Kate’s life, his father had widowed her mother. Both experienced having lost someone very special and as well as being widowed but definitely, their responses to the loss may entirely be different. In the end, before she would have learned about Brently’s return from the accident, Louise died of heart disease – of joy that kills. This suggests that she had a monstrous joy, because it killed and consumed her to death. Perhaps, Chopin would just let Louise die instead of seeing Brently again, wherein she will be living like a prison again. Freedom for Women In â€Å"The Story of An Hour†, Chopin has made no suggestion to the readers that Mrs. Mallard was sorry for her husband’s loss. Instead, she has uttered ‘over under her breath’: â€Å"free, free, and free! †, which suggests how happy Mrs. Mallard is to have lost her husband, because she has now freedom of herself. The joy she senses in possessing her freedom is something which consumes her. In Kate’s life, she was used to write about resurgence of women’s rights. She experience a period when there was this declined and confinement of women’s public needs like education, the vote, rights to her own property and her own children. Those events drove her to write this kind of feminist text instead of choosing other universal themes. Briefly, the title of this novel, â€Å"The Story of an Hour† is a image of the feelings provoked by the main character, Louise Mallard. In connection to this, it can be confirmed that this novel is a reference to Kate Chopin’s life since most of the events in Louise’s life are similar, or at least made a great influence to that of the story, â€Å"The Story of an Hour†. The biographical approach made by the researcher accomplishes its purpose because an understanding able of the issues behind the book went through by tracing the history and life of Kate Chopin. Literature can bring us to the world of the author. Therefore, this research established that literature reflects the time, state of mind, and the life of the author through understanding the connection between Kate Chopin and Mrs. Mallard in the short story, â€Å"The Story of an Hour. † References: Original Text: References Chopin, K. (1976). The Awakening and Selected Stories of Kate Chopin. New York: Signet Classic. Eagleton, T. (1996). Biographical Approach. An introduction to Literary Theories (2 ed. ) University of Minnesota Press. Horward, A. ( 2005). A Woman Ahead of Her Time. Retrieved 28 April 2010 from: http://www. angelfire. com/nv/English243/Chopin. html Lamb, A. (2003). The topic: literary criticism. Retrieved 24 April 2010 from: